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TYPES OF WIG-CRAFT
WIG-crafts are not aircraft's. Specific design criteria's
are complete different compared to an aircraft. For
example the take off. An aircraft uses a angle of about
14 degree for maximum lift to shorten the take off distance.
A WIG-craft has to be started without this facility.
To flare with high speed so low over a surface the have
to be auto stable. Over the years different types of
WIG-crafts where developed to optimize this type of
craft.
REVERSED DELTA W.I.G. ( Prof.
Lippisch Principe )
The reversed delta wing is very
stable by it self, so that only a small
horizontal stabilyzer is necessary. Fischer
Flugmechanik ( Germany ) develop these crafts.
These crafts can also jump. The use V-hulls
like on a speed boat. The most power is
necessary to get over the hump speed of
the hull. Once flaring the power can be
reduced by 50 % for cruising.
Examples
of Lippisch vehicles are the Airfisch series
and the Flightship FS 8.
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Tandem W.I.G. ( Joerg Principe
)
The tandem wing concept uses two
small wings in line. The wings are set in
different angles in respect to each other.
This configuration provides excellent stability.
No horizontal stabilizer is necessary. The
flaring height is relative low.
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Ekranoplan
Ekranoplans where a Russian
invention. These crafts have wings with
a very low aspect ratio of 1 to 4 with endplates
and flaps. At the start the blow air under
the wings to establish an air cushion. At
cruising speed the propellers are tilted
in a more vertical position for more forwards
trust i.e. speed.
Big models use separate
engines for trust and under wing blowing
in front of the wing. All Ekranoplans have
huge horizontal stabilizers. These crafts
are also called PAR-WIG crafts (Power Augmented
Ram Wing in Ground Effect. Many have been
built in different sizes, the largest exceeding
500 tons. Russian companies are the only
companies who can deliver now.
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